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What is the Troubled Teen Industry?
PSI: Brief Overview of Troubled Teen Industry
National Youth Rights Association (NYRA)
National Association of Therapeutic Schools & Programs (NATSAP)
2020 NATSAP Annual Conference Attendee List
Troubled Teen Industry Programs
HEAL: Programs Still in Operation
HEAL: Shut Down Programs
Death of Cornelius Frederick at Lakeside Academy
Death of Martin Lee Anderson at Bay County Boot Camp
Death of Cedric Napoleon at Manor Middle School
Death of Corey Foster at Leake and Watts Center
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 1
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 2
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 3
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 4
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 5
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 6
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 7
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 8
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 9
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 10
Electric Shock used on Andre McCollins at Judge Rotenberg Center, part 11
Survivor Video Testimonials
Project 24: Exposing the Troubled Teen Industry
Youth in Disorder: Behind the Abuse in the Troubled Teen Industry described by Jen Robison who survived Provo Canyon School
Jessy Greer describes Cross Creek (WWASPS) and Jennifer Korsen describes CEDU and Island View Residential Treatment Center
Provo Canyon School described by Kat Von D
September 10, 2020: Breaking Code Silence (CEDU School described by Alia Weiner)
Kansas City Girls Academy & Teen Challenge described by Mary
Spring Ridge Academy described by Molly Dickin, part 1
Spring Ridge Academy described by Molly Dickin, part 2
Turn-About Ranch described by Bhad Bhabie
Turn-About Ranch described by Bhad Bhabie
Exposing Dr. Phil’s Connection to the Troubled Teen Industry
Turn-About Ranch described by Abbie Parker
True North Wilderness described by Mar Wolf
Wilderness described by Julia Fase
SUWS of the Carolinas described by Emily Iris
Mission Mountain School described by Kathryn Whitehead
Dock Mennonite High School described by Daniel Kabakjian
Anonymous Boarding School described by Michael Lima
Mount Bachelor Academy (CEDU spinoff) described by Joe
Tranquility Bay (WWASPS) described by Alex
Tranquility Bay (WWASPS) described by Conway Yen
SUWS of the Carolinas, Academy at Swift River (CEDU spinoff), and Peninsula Village described by Kris
Turning Winds Academic Institute described by Makala O'Siggins
High Impact & Cross Creek (WWASPS) described by Liz
Paradise Cove & Casa by the Sea (WWASPS) described by Bill Boyles & Chelsea Filer
Casa by the Sea & Cross Creek Academy (WWASPS) described by Ashley Mays
Clearview Horizon (WWASPS spinoff) described by Suzannah Scarcello
Circle of Hope Girls Ranch described by Autumn
CEDU & Island View Residential Treatment Center described by Jennifer Korsen
Provo Canyon School described by Jen Walker
Provo Canyon School described by Kim Brennan
Provo Canyon School described by Angela Smith, part 1
Provo Canyon School described by Angela Smith, part 2
Provo Canyon School described by Ashley DeBoer, part 1
Provo Canyon School described by Ashley DeBoer, Part 2
Provo Canyon School described by Ashley DeBoer, Part 3
Provo Canyon School described by Ashley DeBoer, Part 4
Provo Canyon School described by Alexis Montero
Provo Canyon School described by Shannon, part 1
Provo Canyon School described by Shannon, part 2
This is Paris reviewed by Shannon
Spring Creek Lodge Academy (WWASPS) described by Infinity
Anonymous Boarding School described by Lilly
Rocky Mountain Academy, Ascent, & NIBH (CEDU) described by Lathrop Lybrook
CEDU School described by Crystal Gantt
Cross Creek Manor (WWASPS) described by Casey Weyer's father, part 1
Cross Creek Manor (WWASPS) described by Casey Weyer's father, part 2
Cross Creek Manor (WWASPS) described by Casey Weyer's father, part 3
CEDU Family of Services (1967-2005): CEDU School, Running Springs, California (1967-2005), Rocky Mountain Academy, Bonners Ferry, Idaho (1982-2005), Hilltop for Young Adults, Running Springs, California (?-?), CEDU Middle School, Running Springs, California (1992-2005), Ascent, Ruby Ridge, Idaho (1992-2005), Boulder Creek Academy, Bonners Ferry, Idaho (1993-2005), Northwest Academy, Ruby Ridge, Idaho (1994-2005), & Milestone Transitional Program, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho (1999-2005)
“CEDU Lingo.” Fornits.
“Propheets.” Fornits.
“Marketing Show for Wilderness Camp for Troubled Teens.” YouTube, uploaded by Mark Watson, 21 May 2013.
“RMA 1999-2000 Promo Video Part 1.” YouTube, uploaded by DeadHomiesOnThisVid, 16 Sept. 2010.
“RMA 1999-2000 Promo Video Part 2.” YouTube, uploaded by DeadHomiesOnThisVid, 16 Sept. 2010.
“Overwritten.” YouTube, uploaded by Zack Bonnie’s DIJ, 20 Mar. 2018.
Brainwashed. I.Am.Now Productions. YouTube, uploaded by Alia Weiner, 3 May 2019.
Surviving CEDU: a documentary by CEDU survivor Liam Scheff
“Dr. Nicki Bush of ASTART.” YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 25 June 2008.
“Welcome to CEDU.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 1. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 8 Oct. 2008.
“Come Smush With Me.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 2. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 28 Apr. 2009.
“Let’s Have a Rap.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 3. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 9 Oct. 2008.
“Propheets.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 4. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 11 Oct. 2008.
“Who is Mel Wasserman.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 5. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 10 Feb. 2009.
“Crime, Punishment, & Fulltimes.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 6. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 27 Feb. 2009.
“The CEDU Schools - Come Work For Us!” Surviving CEDU, Clip 7. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 16 Mar. 2009.
“I Versus Me.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 8. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 16 Mar. 2009.
“Run Away.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 9. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 27 Feb. 2009.
“A Rudy Rap.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 10. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 29 Apr. 2009.
“Caroline the Wolf.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 11. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 18 Aug. 2009.
“The Summit.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 12. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 16 Nov. 2009.
“Paul Morantz on Cults, Confession, and Mind Control.” Surviving CEDU, Clip 12. YouTube, uploaded by Liam Scheff, 5 Jan. 2010.
The Lost Kids: a podcast about CEDU by journalist Josh Bloch
“Daniel.” The Lost Kids, ep. 1, 1 June 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“Pulling a Daniel.” The Lost Kids, ep. 2, 1 June 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“Tell it All.” The Lost Kids, ep. 3, 1 June 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“The Game.” The Lost Kids, ep. 4, 1 June 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“Lots of Tough and Almost No Love,” The Lost Kids, ep. 5, 2 June 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“Searching for Daniel.” The Lost Kids, ep. 6, 3 June 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“The Boys of CEDU.” The Missing, 7 Sept. 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“CEDU: Boarding School or Brainwashing Prison?” Simply Dark, season 1, ep. 2. YouTube, uploaded by Magda Simply, 5 Mar. 2019.
“The History of Synanon.” The Cult Vault, ep. 13, 6 July 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“CEDU - The Birth of the ‘Troubled Teen’ Industry.” The Cult Vault, ep. 17, 25 July 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“CEDU - The Tangents of the Troubled Teen Industry.” The Cult Vault, ep. 18, 26 July 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“CEDU Interview - Part 1.” The Cult Vault, ep. 19, Michael Balaban, 1 Aug. 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“CEDU Interview - Part 2.” The Cult Vault, ep. 20, 1 Michael Balaban, Aug. 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“Troubled Teen Industry - CEDU Revisited.” The Cult Vault, ep. 48, Jenny Bentz and Geoff Bentz, 6 July 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“Troubled Teen Industry - CEDU Revisited Part 2.” The Cult Vault, ep. 49, Yeah Yeah, 11 Dec. 2020. Apple Podcasts.
“Adam Eget Survived Three Years in an Abusive Cult.” The Joe Rogan Experience, ep. 1481. YouTube, uploaded by JRE Clips, 26 May 2020.
“Who is Adam Eget? (Well, Norm Macdonald's sidekick for one thing).” Duncan Trussell Family Hour. YouTube, uploaded by Kane Alson, 27 Sept. 2017.
“Low School with Adam Eget.” Ari Shaffir's Skeptic Tank, ep. 295, 24 Jun. 2020.
“CEDU Stories Part 1… of Celebrities and Serial Killers!” YouTube, uploaded by Jonathan Black, 20 Dec. 2020.
“CEDU Stories Part 2, TTI - Where Eagles Dare.” YouTube, uploaded by Jonathan Black, 3 Jan. 2021.
“CEDU Part 3 - Origins of Synanon: The Tale of a Wandering Jesuit.” YouTube, uploaded by Jonathan Black, 19 Oct. 2021.
Bonnie, Zack. “The Continuum of Informed Consent.” YouTube, uploaded by International Cultic Studies Association (ICSA), 20 Aug. 2020.
Safran, David. “CEDU Records From California’s Department of Social Services.” Medium Anonymous, 11 Oct. 2020.
Safran, David. “Running My Anger: The Legacy of the CEDU Cult.” Medium Anonymous, 25 Jun. 2018.
Safran, David. “‘In general, we were treated the same:’ An Interview with CEDU Counselor, Randolph Reynolds.” Medium Anonymous, 18 Jan. 2019.
Rhodes, Dusty. “Far From Home Extra: Perspective From A CEDU Survivor.” NPR, Safran, David, 22 Dec. 2019.
Safran, David. “Update 1 — Calling Brigitte Wasserman.” Medium Anonymous, 13 Jul. 2018.
Safran, David. “Update 2 — Northwest Academy’s Second Closure.” Medium Anonymous, 23 Aug. 2018.
Safran, David. “Update 3 — Keeping That CEDU Dream in 2018.” Medium Anonymous, 17 Oct. 2018.
“Lost Podcast: Investigating CEDU with The Lost Kids’ Producer, David Safran.” YouTube, uploaded by Medium Anonymous, 10 Aug. 2020.
“Fighting Back Against Institutional Abuse: Elisabeth Blair’s Poetry Debut.” YouTube, uploaded by Max Ekstrom, 11 Nov. 2022.
“Elisabeth Blair Poetic Memoir Inside The Troubled Teen Industry.” The Magical Mystery Tour, 15 Sept. 2023. SoundCloud.
“De Lany Jahnke (Cedu School & Ascent) {Trigger Warning}.” Str8 Outta B.S., ep. 56. YouTube.
“Kari Bunn (CEDU School) {Part #1}.” Str8 Outta B.S., ep. 58. YouTube.
“Ricky Edmiston (Ascent & CEDU School).” Str8 Outta B.S., ep. 60. YouTube.
“Michael Balaban (CEDU School, Ascent, NIBH, Positive Impact & Coronado Academy Of Costa Rica).” Str8 Outta B.S., ep. 67. YouTube.
“Kari Bunn (CEDU School) {Part #2}.” Str8 Outta B.S., ep. 71. YouTube.
“Sweet Dreams, James Dean.” Gadfly, Jan. 1999.
Beattie, Samantha. “Canadians Faced Shocking Abuse At U.S. 'Troubled Teen' Boarding Schools.” HuffPost, 22 Nov. 2020.
Kaufman, Amy. “Will Rachel Uchitel Ever be Able to Leave the Word ‘Mistress’ Behind Her?” Los Angeles Times, 17 Jan. 2021.
Paris Hilton Pushes the Breaking Code Silence Movement Forward by Addressing the time she spent at CEDU School, Ascent, Cascade School, and Provo Canyon School in her Documentary This is Paris
Élan School, Poland, Maine (1970-2011)
“Élan School Student Life.” YouTube, uploaded by Élan School, 18 May 2007.
“Élan School Academics.” YouTube, uploaded by Élan School, 17 May 2007.
“The Last Stop Official Trailer.” YouTube, uploaded by FilmIsNow Movie Trailers International, 14 Jan. 2016.
The Last Stop. Directed by Todd Nilssen, Asacine Produções, 14 Sept. 2012. YouTube, uploaded by Gunnar Etchison, 26 Dec. 2020.
“Élan Treatment Center Punishments.” YouTube, uploaded by Brian Smith, 13 Sept. 2016.
“Controversial Élan School Closing Due to Low Numbers, Negative Web Campaign.” Bangor Daily News, 24 Mar. 2011.
“For the Child’s Own Good - Élan.” YouTube, uploaded by Todd Nilssen, 20 Mar. 2014.
“Children of Darkness (Élan School).” YouTube, uploaded by Suzuki Nathie, 11 Sept. 2019.
“Abandoned Cult School's Unsolved Murder Mystery.” Abandoned Places, ep. 25. YouTube, uploaded by Desertify Urbex: Abandoned Places, 1 Oct. 2018.
Kilgariff, Karen and Georgia Hardstark. “The Élan School & the Martha Moxley Murder.” My Favorite Murder, ep. 241, 24 Sept. 2020.
Jordan Crittenden. “Joe vs. Élan School.” YouTube, uploaded by Dark Dark World - a True Crime Podcast, 15 June 2019.
Joe vs. Élan School: A True Cult Classic
“The Last Stop: What Happened at the Élan School?” YouTube, uploaded by Roberta Glass True Crime Report, 20 Dec. 2019.
“Alexei Lindes Interviews Annie Paschen (Élan School) - V2V Survivor Series.” Channel Aurelius, 3 Jan. 2019. Apple Podcasts.
“Beyond Élan with Mark Babitz (Élan School) - V2V Survivor Series.” Channel Aurelius, 15 Jan. 2019. Apple Podcasts.
“Élan School Alum Returns.” YouTube, uploaded by Schuyler Hecht, 27 July 2020.
“Élan School Horror Story by SuperSplit-T Part 1.” YouTube, uploaded by Steven Smith, 10 Dec. 2017.
“Élan School Horror II/Also See Tales of Fagin Mother.” YouTube, uploaded by Steven Smith, 11 Dec. 2017.
Provo Canyon School (1971-present): 4501 North University Avenue, Provo, Utah 84604 (male) and 763 North 1650 West, Springville, Utah 84663 (female)
Stednitz, Larry. “Why are there so many Programs in Utah?” Struggling Teens, 3 Aug. 2008.
Sapien, Joaquin. “Out of Options, California Ships Hundreds of Troubled Children Out of State.” ProPublica, 31 Dec. 2015.
Kjolseth, Francisco. “Read the Violation Reports and Inspections for Utah’s ‘Troubled Teen’ Treatment Centers.” The Salt Lake Tribune.
Miller, Jessica. “Violation Reports and Inspections for Provo Canyon School in Provo, Utah.”
Miller, Jessica. “Violation Reports and Inspections for Provo Canyon School in Springville, Utah.”
Utah Department of Human Services (Notices of Agency Action)
Utah Department of Human Services (Notices of Agency Action):
The United States District Court for the Division of Utah Central Division (Milonas and Rice v. Provo Canyon School)
Civil Rights Litigation Clearinghouse (Milonas v. Williams)
Justia US Law (Milonas and Rice v. Provo Canyon School)
Cirkiel and Associates, P.C. (Christina Munday-Romaine v. Provo Canyon School and Charter Medical Corp.)
Justia US Law (Romaine v. Charter Medical Corp.)
Casetext (Porter v. Charter Medical Corp.)
FindLaw for Legal Professionals (Taylor v. Charter Medical Group)
Springville, Utah Police Department (Incident Report: Sex Offense)
Seasly, John & Alice Li. “Harsh Treatment: Violence, Runaways Plague Utah Facility for Troubled Youth.” Medill Watchdog, 2 Dec. 2014.
“Mental Illness in Beautiful Minds & Wounded Spirits: Reports of Abuse at Provo Canyon School.” Beutimental, 20 May 2012.
HEAL (Cases Against Provo Canyon School)
Story, Louise. “Business Built on the Troubles of Teenagers.” The New York Times, 17 Aug. 2005.
“Therapeutic Child Abuse and the Need for Change.” US Represented, 1 Dec. 2014.
Rood, Lee. “Midwest Founder Helped Create Troubled-Teens Industry.” Des Moines Register, 16 Apr. 2016.
Dahlburg, John-Thor. “Key to His Schools’ Success? It’s God, Founder Says.” The Los Angeles Times, 13 July 2003.
Smart, Christopher. “Ranked High in Suicides, Utah State Prison Seeks to Reduce Solitary Confinement.” The Salt Lake Tribune, 8 May 2017.
“Dr. Phil Caught in Child Abuse Scandal.” National Enquirer, 20 Jan. 2005.
Adams, Brooke. “Sex Accusation Probed at Provo Treatment Center.” The Deseret News, 7 Sept. 1990.
“Former Employee, James Lester Hardy, of Provo School Found Not Guilty of Sex Charges.” The Deseret News, 7 June 1991.
Higginbottom, Justin. “Abuse Allegations Continue at Utah Residential Youth Treatment Facilities.” Al Jazeera America, 21 Apr. 2015.
Kale, Sirin. “The Grandma, Janet Crane, Suing a Utah Prison Over Her Teenage Grandson’s, Brock Tucker, Suicide.” VICE, 24 Oct. 2016.
Hattem, Julian. “Utah Man Charged with Child Abuse for School ‘Fight Club.’” Associated Press, 11 May 2018.
“Violence, Runaways Plague Utah Facility for Troubled Youth.” Vimeo, uploaded by Medill Watchdog, 2015.
“Theo Gets Transported to Provo.” Sunday Stories, 2021.
Smith, Angela. “Schools from Hell.” Unmarried America, 20 Oct. 2003.
“A Testimony About Provo Canyon School.” Asylum Horrible, 12 June 2016.
Whitehurst, Lindsay. “High-Speed Crash Involving Alleged Teen Runaway Driver Kills One in Provo.” The Salt Lake Tribune, 21 May 2012.
“Petition to Close the Abusive Provo Canyon School is Gaining.” Fornits, 25 Apr. 2004.
“Reports of Abuse at Provo Canyon School.” Fornits, 27 Apr. 2004.
“Comments from Survivors of Provo Canyon School.” Fornits, 28 Apr. 2004.
“Founder of WWASPS got his start at Provo Canyon School.” Fornits, 3 May 2004.
“Former Students from Provo Canyon School???” Fornits, 20 July 2004.
“Therapist Wants to Send our Kid to Provo Canyon School.” Reddit, 1 Feb. 2019.
“I was sent away to Provo Canyon School, a lock-down boarding school in Utah when I was a teenager.” Reddit, 22 Oct. 2019.
Paris Hilton Pushes the Breaking Code Silence Movement Forward by Addressing the time she spent at CEDU School, Ascent, Cascade School, and Provo Canyon School in her Documentary This is Paris
“Provo Canyon School Peaceful Protest.” YouTube, uploaded by Preacher Boys, 10 Oct. 2020.
Straight, Inc. (1976-1993): St. Petersburg, Florida (1976-1993), Sarasota, Florida (1980-1983), Atlanta, Georgia (1981-1993), Cincinnati, Ohio (1982-1987), Springfield, Virginia (1982-1991), Orlando, Florida (1984-1992), Detroit, Michigan (1986-1993), Dallas, Texas (1986-1991), Boston, Massachesetts (1986-1991), Virginia Beach, Virginia (1989-1991), Yorba Linda, California (1989-1990), & Columbia, Maryland (1991-1992)
Fix My Kid Trailer. YouTube, uploaded by Fix My Kid, 7 Aug. 2013.
“Is ‘Not My Kid’ About Straight, Inc.?” YouTube, uploaded by dilaudid4, 3 June 2009.
Surviving Straight, Inc.: a podcast by Straight, Inc. survivor Christine Flannery
“Introduction.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 1, 14 Dec. 2020. Anchor.
“Brief History.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 2, 16 Dec. 2020. Anchor.
“Stoughton, MA Straight Survivor Jessica Ferraro 1989-1990.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 3, part 1, 16 Dec. 2020. Anchor.
“Stoughton, MA Straight Survivor Jessica Ferraro 1989-1990.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 3, part 2, 16 Dec. 2020. Anchor.
“Sarasota & St. Petersburg, Florida Branches - Straight Survivor Tammy Koross 1982-1984.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 4, part 1, 26 Dec. 2020. Anchor.
“Sarasota & St. Petersburg, Florida Branches - Straight Survivor Tammy Koross 1982-1984.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 4, part 2, 26 Dec. 2020. Anchor.
“KIDS of North Jersey Survivor Katie Hedges, 9/1992-11/1995.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 5, part 1, 2 Jan. 2021. Anchor.
“KIDS of North Jersey Survivor Katie Hedges, 9/1992-11/1995.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 5, part 2, 3 Jan. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. St. Petersburg, FL & Springfield. VA - Rich Moroski 1982-1983.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 6, part 1, 25 Jan. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. St. Petersburg, FL & Springfield. VA - Rich Moroski 1982-1983.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 6, part 2, 25 Jan. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. St. Petersburg, FL & Springfield. VA - Rich Moroski 1982-1983.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 6, part 3, 25 Jan. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. St. Petersburg, FL & Springfield. VA - Rich Moroski 1982-1983.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 6, part 4, 25 Jan. 2021. Anchor.
“KIDS of Bergen County, Survivor Despina Stamos, 9/1985-12/1986.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 7, part 1, 18 Feb. 2021. Anchor.
“KIDS of Bergen County, Survivor Despina Stamos, 9/1985-12/1986.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 7, part 2, 19 Feb. 2021. Anchor.
“KIDS of Bergen County, Survivor Despina Stamos, 9/1985-12/1986.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 7, part 3, 19 Feb. 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name & Dates Withheld.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 8, part 1, 18 Mar. 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name & Dates Withheld.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 8, part 2, 18 Mar. 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name & Dates Withheld.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 8, part 3, 18 Mar. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight’s Philosophy and Treatment Model.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 9, 21 Mar. 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name Withheld, 2005-2007.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 10, part 1, 5 Apr. 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name Withheld, 2005-2007.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 10, part 2, 5 Apr. 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name Withheld, 2005-2007.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 10, part 3, 5 Apr. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. Cincinnati, OH & St Petersburg, FL - Don Smith 1981-1982.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 11, part 1, 19 Apr. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. Cincinnati, OH & St Petersburg, FL - Don Smith 1981-1982.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 11, part 2, 19 Apr. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. Cincinnati, OH & St Petersburg, FL - Don Smith 1981-1982.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 11, part 3, 19 Apr. 2021. Anchor.
“Straight, Inc. Cincinnati, OH & St Petersburg, FL - Don Smith 1981-1982.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 11, part 4, 19 Apr. 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name & Dates Withheld.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 12, part 1, 30 July 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name & Dates Withheld.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 12, part 2, 30 July 2021. Anchor.
“Lifeline - Salt Lake City, Utah, Survivor Name & Dates Withheld.” Surviving Straight, Inc., ep. 12, part 3, 30 July 2021. Anchor.
“Surviving Straight Inc., A Controlling Approach to Addiction Treatment Brings Disastrous Consequences.” The Clean Slate Addiction Site.
“Fantastic Comics! Tales From the Internet About Straight, Inc.” Surviving Straight Inc.
Fager, Wesley M. “A Clockwork Straight: Rehabilitation, Thought Reform and the Destruction of Minds.” The Straights, 2000.
As I Am: The Life and Times of DJ AM (trailer)
As I Am: The Life and Times of DJ AM described by director Kevin Kerslake
Lee, Chris. “Adam Goldstein Dies at 36; Club Owner Gained Fame as DJ AM.” Los Angeles Times, 29 Aug. 2009.
Videos on Straight, Inc.
Videos on Straight, Inc. Renamed Programs
“1985 Straight, Inc.: A Pilgrimage of Hope.” YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 20 Apr. 2017.
“Straight 60 Minutes.” YouTube, uploaded by Surviving Straight, Inc., 29 Mar. 2012.
“Straight, Inc. on Inside Edition.” YouTube, uploaded by Surviving Straight, Inc., 23 Mar. 2019.
“Straight 20/20.” YouTube, uploaded by Surviving Straight, Inc., 29 Mar. 2012.
“Straight, Inc. Pkg.” YouTube, uploaded by Jimmy Marlow V, 24 Nov. 2014.
“Straight, Inc. - Boston.” YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 15 Aug. 2011.
Cherkis, Jason. “Nancy Reagan’s Legacy Includes Support of Abusive Drug Treatment for Teens.” HuffPost, 7 Mar. 2016.
Drug Free Foundation America, Inc.
“Therapeutic Child Abuse and the Need for Change.” US Represented, 1 Dec. 2014.
Etler, Cyndy. “I Spent 16 Months of my Childhood Locked in a Warehouse.” HuffPost, 1 Mar. 2019.
Szalavitz, Maia. “I Smoked Weed Three Times and Ended Up in Rehab Hell.” VICE, 15 Mar. 2017.
Etler, Cyndy. “My Mom Sent Me to a ‘Concentration Camp for Wayward Teens.’” She Knows, 24 July 2018.
“Straight, Inc. described by Kelly Matthews.” YouTube, uploaded by Olive Spiegel, 23 Oct. 2015.
Mischenko. “Surviving Straight, Inc. Q & A with Straight Survivor Christine Flannery.” Read Rant Rock & Roll, 6 June 2017.
“DPP #21: Straight Inc - A Survivor's Story.” YouTube, uploaded by Drug Positive, 11 Apr. 2020.
Program Documentary, part 1: Straight, Inc.
Program Documentary, part 2: Straight, Inc.
The Truth About Straight from a Survivor
Straight, Inc. described by Kathy Moya
Straight, Inc. described by Matthew Hellrung, part 1
Straight, Inc. described by Matthew Hellrung, part 2
Straight, Inc. described by Donald Smith, part 1
Straight, Inc. described by Donald Smith, part 2
Straight, Inc. described by Donald Smith, part 3
Straight, Inc. described by Donald Smith, part 4
Straight, Inc. described by Donald Smith, part 5
Straight, Inc. Survivor Stories
Web Diva’s Domain
Message Boards
Newspaper & Magazine Articles
Newspaper & Magazine Articles
Straight, Inc. Spinoffs: LIFE: Sarasota, Florida (1980-1993), Kids Helping Kids: Hebron, Kentucky (1981-1993) & Milford, Ohio (1993-2008), Possibilities Unlimited: Lexington, Kentucky (1983-1991), FACTS: Clearwater, Florida (1983-?), KIDS (1984-1998), Growing Together: Lake Worth, Florida (1984-2006), Kidscope: Columbus, Ohio (1986-?), Second Chance: Memphis, Tennessee (1987-?), Step, Inc.: Hillsborough County, Florida (1987-?), SAFE: Orlando, Florida (1992- 2001), Pathway Family Center: Detroit, Michigan & Indianapolis, Indiana (1993-2009), Phoenix Institute For Adolescents: Atlanta, GA, (1993-2000 or 2001), & ACE: Florida (?-?)
Pathway Family Center Promotional Video
History of Straight, Inc. Spinoff Programs
Renaming of Straight, Inc. Spinoff Programs
Straight, Inc. and its Spinoff Programs
Cult Education Institute Articles
Survivor Stories
SAFE=Straight, Inc., part 1
SAFE=Straight, Inc., part 2
Pathway Family Center Acquires Kids Helping Kids
WCPO: Kids Helping Kids
I Team 8: Mistreatment at Pathway Family Center
I Team 8: Investigation at Pathway Family Center
WCPO: Pathway Family Center Closes Doors
WCPO: Follow Up on Pathway Family Center
KIDS (1984-1998): KIDS of Bergen County (1984-1990), KIDS of El Paso, Texas (1985-1989), KIDS of Yorba Linda, California (1986-1989), KIDS of Salt Lake City (1989-1990), KIDS of North Jersey (1990-1998), LifeLine, Salt Lake City, Utah (1990-present), & AARC (Alberta Adolescent Recovery Center)
Over the GW. Directed by Nick Gaglia, Over the GW Productions, 2007. YouTube, uploaded by Over the GW Productions, 12 Dec. 2014.
“Nick Gaglia Capitol Hill Presentation.” YouTube, uploaded by Over the GW Productions, 24 Apr. 2009.
“Nick Gaglia - Survivor & Thriver.” NET-TV, 9 Oct. 2014.
“West 57th: KIDS and Straight, Inc., Virgil Miller Newton Exposed, Part 1.” YouTube, uploaded by bskbbew, 21 Oct. 2009.
“West 57th: KIDS and Straight, Inc., Virgil Miller Newton Exposed, Part 2.” YouTube, uploaded by bskbbew, 21 Oct. 2009.
“CBS News: KIDS and Straight, Inc., Virgil Miller Newton Exposed, Part 1.” YouTube, uploaded by bskbbew, 21 Oct. 2009.
“CBS News: KIDS and Straight, Inc., Virgil Miller Newton Exposed, Part 2.” YouTube, uploaded by CAFETYonline, 27 July 2012.
“CBS News: KIDS and Straight, Inc., Virgil Miller Newton Exposed, Part 3.” YouTube, uploaded by CAFETYonline, 27 July 2012.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 1. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 10 Aug. 2011.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 2. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 27 Oct. 2009.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 3. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 27 Oct. 2009.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 4. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 12 Aug. 2011.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 5. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 13 Aug. 2011.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 6. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 15 Aug. 2011.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 7. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 16 Aug. 2011.
Miller Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 8. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 17 Aug. 2011.
Ruth Ann Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 1. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 27 Oct. 2009.
Ruth Ann Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 2. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 27 Oct. 2009.
Ruth Ann Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 3. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 22 Aug. 2011.
Ruth Ann Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 4. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 23 Aug. 2011.
Ruth Ann Newton of KIDS & Straight, Inc., deposition excerpt 5. YouTube, uploaded by Kathy Moya, 24 Aug. 2011.
World Wide Association of Specialty Programs & Schools (1998-?): Academy at Dundee Ranch/Pillars of Hope (Orotina, Costa Rica), Academy at Ivy Ridge (Ogdensburg, NewYork), Bell Academy (Terra Bella, California), Bethel Academy (Lucedale, Mississippi), Brightway Adolescent Hospital (St. George, Utah), Carolina Springs Academy/Magnolia Christian School/Second Chance Ranch/Seneca Ranch/Palmetto Therapeutic Boarding School/Southern Oaks Therapeutic Boarding School/Braveheart Academy (Due West, South Carolina), Canyon View Park (Trout Creek, Montana), Casa by the Sea (Ensenada, Mexico), Cross Creek Programs (La Verkin, Utah), Darrington Academy (Blue Ridge, Georgia), Gulf Coast Academy (Lucedale, Mississippi), High Impact (Tecate, Mexico), Horizon Academy (La Verkin, Utah), Majestic Ranch Academy/Old West Academy (Randolph, Utah), Mentor School (Tárcoles, Costa Rica), MidWest Academy (Keokuk, Iowa), Morava Academy (Brno, Czech Republic), Northwest Academy (La Verkin, Utah), Oceanside Teen Center/Sunset Bay Academy (Tijuana, Mexico), Pacific Coast Academy (Apia, Samoa), Paradise Cove (American, Samoa), Royal George Academy (Canon City, Colorado), Sky View Christian Academy (Hawthorne, Nevada), Spring Creek Lodge Academy (Thompson Falls, Montana), Sunrise Beach (Cancún, Mexico), Tranquility Bay (Treasure Beach, Jamaica), US Youth Services (Lecompte, Louisiana), & Woodland Hills Maternity Home (Woodland Hills, Utah)
WWASPS Survivors
“WWASP Propaganda Videos Program Marketing B.S. Program Promotional.” YouTube, uploaded by Programs that Abuse Kids, 30 Sept. 2016.
“Deaths in WWASPS Affiliated Programs.” Help Save Troubled Teens.
“Specialty Programs to Help Your Troubled Teen.” Teens with Problems.
Echavarria, Tabitha. The Effects of WWASPS Institutionalization on the Lives of Troubled Teens: A Retrospective Qualitative Analysis. 2019. Widener University, PhD dissertation. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
Delaney, Robin. “Litchfield Responds to Accusations.” Mississippi Valley Publishing, 24 Dec. 2002.
Dahlburg, John-Thor. “Key to His Schools’ Success? It’s God, Founder Says.” The Los Angeles Times, 13 July 2003.
Burr, Thomas. “Utahn Stays on Campaign Despite Abuse Allegations.” Pound Pup Legacy, 21 June 2007.
Burr, Thomas. “Top Utah Money Man Leaves Romney Campaign.” The Salt Lake Tribune, 6 Sept. 2007.
Linder, Ricky. “Therapeutic Child Abuse and the Need for Change.” US Represented, 1 Dec. 2014.
Rood, Lee. “MidWest Founder Helped Create Troubled-Teens Industry.” Des Moines Register, 16 Apr. 2016.
“Troubled Teen Programs - 25 Plaintiffs Join in Lawsuit Against WWASPS, Cross Creek Manor, Robert Lichfield, and Associates – More Expected to Join In.” Web Wire, 16 Oct. 2006.
“Who's Watching the Kids?” PBS, 14 Sept. 2006.
Rowe, Raphael. “Locked in Paradise.” BBC, 7 Dec. 2004. YouTube, uploaded by Cerulean Productions, 13 May 2012.
“Primetime News Report on Tranquility Bay WWASP Late 90's.” YouTube, uploaded by Programs that Abuse Kids, 4 Oct. 2016.
“48 Hours ‘Tough Love’ Uncut W/original Commercials. 1998. Paradise Cove, Tranquility Bay, WWASP.” YouTube, uploaded by rocbola, 25 Oct. 2016.
“Paradise Cove Samoa Dateline NBC.” YouTube, uploaded by Paul Richards, 28 Jan. 2016.
“Video: WWASP’s Tough Love Schools.” WWASP Survivors.
“When You Are Not Home, You Are Not You.” When Far From Home.
“A Blog About a Terrible Place in Mexico.” Rotsne’s Blog.
Warburton, Nicole. “Boarding School Ordered to Refund Tuition.” Deseret News, 19 Aug. 2005.
Kandola, Rocky. “The Kidnap, Rape, Torture and Death of the Child. WWASP.”
Abuse at Academy at Ivy Ridge Filmed by Surveillance Cameras
Abuse at Academy at Ivy Ridge Filmed by Surveillance Cameras
Photos Taken of Academy at Ivy Ridge After Closure
“Bethel Documentary Short.” YouTube, uploaded by Session Seven, 31 Jan. 2020.
“Part 1: Washington Survivors of Bethel Boys Academy Speak Out About Abuse.” YouTube, uploaded by KING 5, 5 Feb. 2020.
“Part 2: Washington Survivors of Bethel Academy Hope Documentary on Abuse Inspires Change.” YouTube, uploaded by KING 5, 6 Feb. 2020.
“Child Abuse Conviction at Bethel Baptist Boys Academy, a WWASP Program.” YouTube, uploaded by Awesome Wednesday, 28 Dec. 2017.
“Carolina Springs Academy/Seneca Ranch.” WWASP Survivors.
Shukman, Harry. “Inside the ‘Troubled Teen’ School so Disturbing it Still Gives Ex-Students Nightmares.” Babe, 27 July 2018.
Rood, Lee. “Parents of Abused Midwest Academy Students Pursue Founder.” Des Moines Register, 15 Apr. 2017.
Rood, Lee. “Iowa Boarding School Owner Forced Student into Sex, Felony Complaint Says.” Des Moines Register, 8 Sept. 2017.
Dwilson, Stephanie Dube. “MidWest Academy: 5 Facts You Need to Know.” Heavy, 8 Apr. 2021.
“WWASPS Focus on MidWest Academy.” 26 Dec. 2012.
“Too-Tough Love?” Forbes, 22 Mar. 1999.
Szalavitz, Maia. “Did a ‘Troubled Teen’ Rehab Create Murderers?” The Fix, 2 June 2013.
Haines, Alexis. “The Dark Side of Teen Behavioral Modification Programs with Sydney Montana.” Recovering from Reality, ep. 28.
“Cross Creek Programs.” Alchetron.
“My Experience with Cross Creek, WWASPS, and Institutionalized Child Abuse.” The Captive Teen.
“Troubled Teen Programs - 25 Plaintiffs Join in Lawsuit Against WWASPS, Cross Creek Manor, Robert Lichfield, and Associates – More Expected to Join In.” Web Wire, 16 Oct. 2006.
Higginbottom, Justin. “Reform School Survivors Allege Abuse of their Personal Files Too.” Al Jazeera America, 31 Oct. 2014.
“News Report on WWASP Programs.” YouTube, uploaded by Programs that Abuse Kids, 4 Oct. 2016.
Cohen, Adam. “Is This A Camp Or Jail?” TIME, 24 June 2001.
O’neill, Anne-marie. “Camp Fear.” People, 3 Aug. 1998.
“Bay ‘Kidnap’ Case Pits Parents v. Teen.” Pound Pup Legacy, 6 Jan. 1998.
Trellis: Blarigan v. Blarigan (Tranquility Bay)
Lee, Henry K. “Parents had Right to Send Boy to Jamaica, Judge Rules / Reform School was Their Last Resort.” SF Gate, 21 Jan. 1998.
Lee, Henry K. “Alameda County Seeks Return of Teen Sent to Rehab Camp.” SF Gate, 8 Jan. 1998.
Doc & Film: Tranquility Bay
Parent’s Testimonial about Sending Daughter to Tranquility Bay
“Montel.” YouTube, uploaded by KidsOfElPaso, 3 Nov. 2013.
Sneider, Isabel. “The Troubled Teen Industry: The Politics of Abuse Within Therapeutic Boarding Schools.” Medium, 13 Dec. 2017.
“Dr. Drew Endorses Diamond Ranch Academy.” WWASP Survivors, 6 Mar. 2012.
Stryker, Jeff. “Word for Word/Teenage Treatment Programs; Sorry to Wake you, Honey. They’re Coming to Take You Away.” The New York Times, 1 Feb. 1998.
Weiner, Tim. “Parents, Shopping for Discipline, Turn to Harsh Programs Abroad.” The New York Times, 9 May 2003.
Williams, Timothy. “Students Recall Special Schools Run Like Jails.” The New York Times, 23 July 2013.
“WWASPS Programs: If It Bleeds, It Leads.” All Kinds of Therapy, 12 Dec. 2019.
“WWASPS.” Safe Teen Schools.
“Operation Liberation: A Message from Anonymous to WWASP.” YouTube, uploaded by M Cast, 21 Aug. 2011.
“Condemnation of World Wide Association of Specialty Programs.” Live Journal.
WWASPS Survivor Testimonials
WWASPS Survivor Testimonials
“Survivor Testimony.” WWASPS Survivors.
Sue Scheff: A Parent’s True Story Still Helping Many Families
Scheff, Sue. “WWASPS Lawsuit Fails to Silence Critical Parent.” Unmarried America, 8 Aug. 2004.
“WWASP Fails – Florida Mom Prevails (Jury Rules in favor of Mom).” Parents Universal Resource Experts.
Casetext: Cross Creek Manor v. Paula Reeves
William Chase Wood v. WWASPS
Pray Away the Gay: Conversion Therapy
Kidnapped for Christ. Directed by Kate Logan, Red Thorn Productions, 17 Jan. 2014.
Powell, Pamela. “Ex-Gay Therapy Horrors Spotlighted in ‘Kidnapped for Christ’ Film.” Q Voice News, 14 Sept. 2016.
“20/20 ABC Mystery: A Boy Named Lucas.” YouTube, uploaded by dai oosev, 2 July 2017.
“Gay Teen Describes Traumatizing Experiences at Gay Conversion Camps.” YouTube, uploaded by ABC News, 11 Mar. 2017.
Abram, Lauren. “Texas Teen Sent to 'Pray Away the Gay' Christian Camp by Parents.” Fox 13 Tampa Bay, 8 June 2016.
Ross, Brian, Rhonda Schwartz, Matthew Mosk, & Megan Chuchmach. “Michele Bachmann Clinic: Where You Can Pray Away the Gay?” ABC News, 11 July 2011.
Trapped: The Alex Cooper Story. Directed by Jeffrey G. Hunt, Silver Screen Pictures, 28 Sept. 2019. YouTube, uploaded by K.C Wooden, 3 Jan. 2021.
“Trapped: The Alex Cooper Story: Trailer.” YouTube, uploaded by Lifetime, 23 Sept. 2019.
Pray Away. Directed by Kristine Stolakis, Blumhouse Productions, Multitude Films, Cinereach Artemis Rising, Ryan Murphy Productions, Chicken & Egg Pictures, Tribeca Film Institute, Secret Sauce Media, Naked Edge Films, Lamplighter Films, Catapult Film Fund, 3 Aug. 2021.
Barfield, Charles. “‘Pray Away’ Exclusive Clip: Tribeca Doc Shows The Trauma Inflicted By Conversion Therapy.” The Playlist, 27 Apr. 2020.
Boy Erased. Directed by Joel Edgerton, Anonymous Content, Bell-Tongue Films, Perfect World Pictures, 2 Nov. 2018. YouTube, uploaded by YouTube Movies & Shows, 21 Nov. 2018.
Turner, Lauren. “Boy Erased Garrard Conley on Surviving 'Gay Conversion Therapy.'” BBC News, 20 June 2018.
Bradshaw, Peter. “Boy Erased Review - Dark Tale of a Teenager’s ‘Gay Conversion’ Ordeal.” The Guardian, 6 Feb. 2019.
The Miseducation of Cameron Post. Directed by Desiree Akhavan, Beachside Films and Parkville Pictures, 22 Jan. 2018. YouTube, uploaded by FilmIsNow Movie Trailers, 11 July 2018.
Lo, Malinda. “'Miseducation': A Cowgirl Coming-Out Story For Teens.” NPR, 7 Feb. 2012.
Bradshaw, Peter. “The Miseducation of Cameron Post Review - Coming-of-Age in the Glare of Prejudice.” The Guardian, 5 Sept. 2018.
Bindel, Julie. “I Tried Gay Conversion Therapy and it was my own Horror Film.” The Guardian, 31 Aug. 2018.
Dart, Tom. “‘Praying the Gay Away’: Trauma Survivors Crusade to Ban Conversion Therapy.” The Guardian, 11 Apr. 2015.
Kingkade, Tyler. “Women say a School for Troubled Teens Punished Girls for Being Gay.” BuzzFeed News, 8 Sept. 2018.
Sargent, J. F. & Sam Brinton. “5 Things I Learned at a 'Pray Away the Gay' Camp.” Cracked, 1 June 2015.
Zonkel, Phillip. “Federal Bill Would Regulate ‘Troubled Teen’ Industry, Ban ‘Conversion Therapy.’” Q Voice News, 3 Aug. 2017.
Branson-Potts, Hailey. “L.A. Legislator, Activists say Gay Conversion Therapy Still Exists.” Daily Press, 27 Mar. 2015.
“Reps. Schiff and Ros-Lehtinen Introduce Bipartisan Legislation to Reform Residential Treatment and Youth Boot Camp Programs.” 14 July 2015.
Synanon

This Post Has One Comment

  1. David Hanke March 10, 2024 Reply

    Hello, I am a former “resident” of SAFE Orlando and spent over 3 years there total between inpatient and outpatient (after graduating the program), and I’m looking for any documents, videos etc. to help me as I have a lot of gaps, I’m trying to remember and process it all and it would be very helpful to have any information or resources you have, or can point me into the right direction to get. I’m looking specifically for an old news video where former governor Jeb Bush came and visited and there was videos from inside SAFE and interviews with kids there, and I was one of the kids interviewed briefly that I’m trying to chase down. Thank you in advance for anything you can provide.

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